Tense | Types of Tenses with example

In most competitive & government exams, tenses are one of the vital parts of the English section. Applicants can score perfectly if they are aware of the tenses rules & avoid mistakes. To memorize & understand the Tenses rules here is a tabulated representation.

Tenses	Tenses Rule
Past simple tense	Subject + V2 + Object
Past Perfect tense	Subject + had + V3 + Object
Past Continuous tense	Subject + was + V1 + ing + Object (Singular) Subject + were + V1 + ing + Object (Plural)
Past perfect continuous tense	Subject + had been + V1 + ing + Object
Present Simple tense	Subject + V1 + s/es + Object (Singular) Subject + V1 + Object (Plural)
Present Perfect tense	Subject + has + V3 + Object (Singular) Subject + have + V3 + Object (Plural)
Present Continuous tense	Subject + is/am/are + V1 + ing + object
Present perfect continuous tense	Subject + has been + V1 + ing + Object (Singular)Subject + have been + V1 + ing + Object (Plural)
Future Simple tense	Subject + will/shall + V1 + Object
Future Perfect tense	Subject + will have/shall have + V3 + Object
Future Continuous tense	Subject + will be/shall be + ing + V1 + Object
Future Perfect Continuous tense	Subject + will have been + V1 + ing + Object

V1 =  first form of the verb 
V2 = second form of the verb 
V3 = third form of the verb 

We will now discuss each category with different types of tenses, the tenses rule, and their examples.

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Types of Tenses

There are three types of tenses.

• Past
• Present
• Future

These tenses can further be categorized into 4 types:

• Simple Tense
• Continuous Tense
• Perfect Tense
• Perfect Continuous Tense

Past Tense Rules

Past tense is used to describe a past activity or action. It is a form of the verb that defines the events that have already occurred. Examples

• Reema attended the wedding functions.
• He left before I reached.
• Priya wrote a letter to her friends from camp.

Simple Past Tense Rules

Subject + V2 + Object

Examples:
Rita went to school.
Minty ate food.

Past Continuous Tense Rules

Subject + was + V1 + ing + Object (Singular) Subject + were + V1 + ing + Object (Plural)

Examples:
I was eating pudding.
Sia was writing a letter to the editor.

Past Perfect Tense Rules

Subject + had + V3 + Object

Examples:
He had taken the token.
I had brushed my teeth.

Past Perfect Continuous Tense Rules

Subject + had been + V1 + ing + Object

Examples:
He had been standing in the rain the whole night.
I had been eating diet food for the whole summer.

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Present Tense Rules

The present tense is used to describe the current or present being, situation, or event. It is a form of the verb that defines the events that are currently happening. Examples

• I am going to the office
• She has been part of this group for 4 years now.
• The concert is amazing.

Simple Present Tense Rules

Subject + V1 + s/es + Object (Singular)
Subject + V1 + Object (Plural)

Examples:
The Sun rises in the East.
Rita goes to school.

Past Continuous Tense Rules

Subject + is/am/are + V1 + ing + object

Examples:
I was eating pudding.
Sia was writing a letter to the editor.

Present Perfect Tense Rules

Subject + has + V3 + Object (Singular)
Subject + have + V3 + Object (Plural)

Examples:
He has just eaten food.
I have just read the book.

Present Perfect Continuous Tense Rules

Subject + has been + V1 + ing + Object (Singular)
Subject + have been + V1 + ing + Object (Plural)

Examples:
I have been cleaning regularly since Monday.
She has been using the night cream for several months.

Future Tense Rules

The future tense is used to describe the future events that haven’t occurred but possibly will occur in the future. It is a form of the verb that will occur in the future & not exist currently. Examples

• She will be dancing to classical music.
• We will be shifting to the house upstate tomorrow morning.
• The train will leave in 10 minutes.

Simple Future Tense Rules

Subject + will/shall + V1 + Object

Examples:
I shall go to school tomorrow.
My mother will feed me.

Future Continuous Tense Rules

Subject + will be/shall be + ing + V1 + Object

Examples: 
He shall be writing his exam.
We will be going to the zoo.

Future Perfect Tense Rules

Subject + will have/shall have + V3 + Object

Examples:
I shall have started writing by that time.
We will have reached Goa by then.

Future Perfect Continuous Tense Rules

Subject + will have been + V1 + ing + Object

Examples:
By next year we will be graduating.
They shall be serving food in the slum area tomorrow.

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Tenses Rules & Application

Sometimes understanding tenses can be confusing, to sort it out & make it easier we have represented a tabulated version of tenses rules & where they are applied with the help of examples.

Tenses	Application	Example
Past simple tense	Past Events	She cooked dinner for everyone last month
Past Perfect tense	Prior events happened before past events	She cooked dinner for everyone last night before shifting to Mumbai
Past Continuous tense	Past Events related to the occurrence of other events	She was cooking dinner for everyone when she ran out of gas.
Past perfect continuous tense	Past events relating to a past moment	She was cooking for dinner & needed some rest.
Present Simple tense	Facts & truths	She hosts dinner for everyone a lot.
Present Perfect tense	Events of past & continuing or expected to continue in present.	She has hosted a lot of times & left with one more dinner
Present Continuous tense	Current Actions	She is cooking dinner for everyone
Present perfect continuous tense	Past events, continued & finished in the current moment	She cooked dinner for everyone & now needs some rest.
Future Simple tense	Events completed in future	She will cook dinner for everyone next month.
Future Perfect tense	Current events completed in the given time frame in future	She will be cooking dinner for everyone by 8:00 PM next Saturday
Future Continuous tense	Future events & are expected to continue	She will be hosting a lot of dinner parties next year.
Future Perfect Continuous tense	Tasks continue in the future & highlighting the duration	The dinner she will be cooking will take 3 hours to finish.

Practice Questions Tenses Rules 

Now you know all about the types & tenses rules. Here are some practice questions to test your knowledge. 

1. Riya _____ (wants/ wanting)to be a pilot.
2. The dinner ______ (smells/smelling) great.
3. She _______ (has been crying/cried) since last night.
4. I _______ (will be lying, will lie) on the beach with my friends.
5. Give me a call when you ______ (have, had) time.
6. I _______ (spent/spend) all my teenage years at math camp.
7. When we were in the hostel we _____ (made/make) our breakfast.
8. Sandhya is ________ (running/ran) for student election this semester.
9. He _____ (plays/playing) tennis most of his evening.
10. When you called, I was______ (taking/took) a shower.

Answers

1. Wants
2. Smells
3. Has been crying
4. Will be lying
5. Have
6. Spent
7. Made
8. Running
9. Plays
10. taking